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Responses of microbial interactions to elevated salinity in activated sludge microbial community

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1660-x

摘要：

● Salinity led to the elevation of NAR over 99.72%.

关键词： Elevated salinity     Activated sludge system     Pollution removal     Microbial interactions     Competitive relationship    

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Multistage-batch bipolar membrane electrodialysis for base production from high-salinity wastewater

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第5期   页码 764-773 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2114-2

摘要： Bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED) is considered a state-of-the-art technology for the conversion of salts into acids and bases. However, the low concentration of base generated from a traditional BMED process may limit the viability of this technology for a large-scale application. Herein, we report an especially designed multistage-batch (two/three-stage-batch) BMED process to increase the base concentration by adjusting different volume ratios in the acid (Vacid), base (Vbase), and salt compartments (Vsalt). The findings indicated that performance of the two-stage-batch with a volume ratio of Vacid:Vbase:Vsalt = 1:1:5 was superior in comparison to the three-stage-batch with a volume ratio of Vacid:Vbase:Vsalt = 1:1:2. Besides, the base concentration could be further increased by exchanging the acid produced in the acid compartment with fresh water in the second stage-batch process. With the two-stage-batch BMED, the maximum concentration of the base can be obtained up to 3.40 mol∙L–1, which was higher than the most reported base production by BMED. The low energy consumption and high current efficiency further authenticate that the designed process is reliable, cost-effective, and more productive to convert saline water into valuable industrial commodities.

关键词： bipolar membrane electrodialysis     multistage-batch     base production     high-salinity wastewater    

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Dynamic analysis of rail transit elevated bridge with ladder track

He XIA, Yushu DENG, Yongwei ZOU, Guido DE ROECK, Geert DEGRANDE

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第1期   页码 2-8 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0001-x

摘要： In this paper, a dynamic analysis model of an elevated bridge with ladder tracks under moving train load is established. The whole process of a train running through an elevated bridge at different speeds is simulated. The dynamic responses of the elevated bridge with ladder track and the running safety and comfort index of train vehicles are evaluated. Compared with the dynamic responses of an elevated bridge with ordinary non-ballasted slab track, the ladder track’s effect on reducing the vibration of an elevated bridge is analyzed. The analysis results show that the ladder track has good vibration reduction characteristics as compared to ordinary non-ballasted track.

关键词： rail transit     elevated bridge     ladder track     dynamic response    

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Effect of seawater salinity on the synthesis of zeolite from coal fly ash

Yanqing YU, Xiaoliang LI, Xiaolan ZOU, Xiaobin ZHU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第1期   页码 54-61 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0493-4

摘要： A novel method for the synthesis of zeolite was developed in this paper. The synthesis was carried out by hydrothermal activation after alkali fusion and coal fly ash (CFA) was used as raw material with seawater of different salinities. Seawater salinity was varied from 32 to 88 for zeolite crystallization during the hydrothermal process. The results show that seawater salinity plays an important role in zeolite synthesis with CFA during hydrothermal treatment. The products were a mixture of NaX zeolite and hydroxysodalite; seawater salinity more strongly affected the crystallization than the type and chemical composition of the zeolites. The yield of CFA transformed into zeolite gradually rose with the increase in salinity, reaching a transformation rate of 48%–62% as the salinity increased from 32 to 88, respectively. The proposed method allows for the efficient disposal of by-products; therefore, the application of seawater in zeolite synthesis presents promising economic and ecological benefits.

关键词： coal fly ash (CFA)     seawater salinity     zeolite synthesis    

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Effect of salinity on community structure and naphthalene dioxygenase gene diversity of a halophilic

Tingting Fang, Ruisong Pan, Jing Jiang, Fen He, Hui Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0888-0

摘要： Various salinities affected the PAH-biodegrading community structure. Various salinities affected the growth of strains with different salt tolerance. The two genes belonged to a new divergent cluster of the known -like genes. The two main genes had correlations with the phenanthrene degradation. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of salinity on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) biodegradation, community structure and naphthalene dioxygenase gene ( ) diversity of a halophilic bacterial consortium with the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) approach. The consortium was developed from oil-contaminated saline soil after enrichment for six times, using phenanthrene as the substrate. The prominent species in the bacterial consortium at all salinities were identified as halophilic bacteria , , , , and uncultured bacteria. The predominant microbes gradually changed associating with the saline concentration fluctuations ranging from 0.1% to 25% (w/v). Two alpha subunits were dominant at salinities ranging from 0.1% to 20%, while not been clearly detected at 25% salinity. Consistently, the biodegradation occurred at salinities ranging from 0.1% to 20%, while no at 25% salinity, suggesting the two genes played an important role in the degradation. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that both of the two alpha subunits were related to the classic -like gene from AN10 and PaK1, while one with identity of about 82% and the other one with identity of 90% at amino acid sequence level. We concluded that salinity greatly affected halophilic bacterial community structure and also the functional genes which were more related to biodegradation.

关键词： Phenanthrene     Halophilic bacteria     Gene diversity     Naphthalene dioxygenase genes    

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Running train induced vibrations and noises of elevated railway structures and their influences on environment

He XIA, Fei GAO, Xuan WU, Nan ZHANG, Guido DE ROECK, Geert DEGRANDE

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第1期   页码 9-17 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0010-9

摘要： The vibrations and noises of elevated railway structures have been cause for concern due to their effects on the environment and the people living near elevated lines. In this paper, the main structural features of some new elevated bridges and station hall were introduced. The generation mechanism of vibrations and noise of elevated structures induced by trains were investigated. The noise induced by different types of elevated bridges, their influences on the environment and the theoretical method for the analysis of structure borne noise was analyzed. Finally, several field measurements on train induced noises at the platforms of elevated subway stations and bridges were presented.

关键词： railway     elevated structure     bridge     station     vibration     noise     environment    

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Experimental and kinetic study on laminar flame speeds of ammonia/syngas/air at a high temperature and elevated

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 263-276 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0791-7

摘要： The laminar flame speeds of ammonia mixed with syngas at a high pressure, temperature, and different syngas ratios were measured. The data obtained were fitted at different pressures, temperatures, syngas ratios, and equivalence ratios. Four kinetic models (the Glarborg model, Shrestha model, Mei model, and Han model) were compared and validated with experimental data. Pathway, sensitivity and radical pool analysis are conducted to find out the deep kinetic insight on ammonia oxidation and NO formation. The pathway analysis shows that H abstraction reactions and NHi combination reactions play important roles in ammonia oxidation. NO formation is closely related to H, OH, the O radical produced, and formation reactions. NO is mainly formed from reaction, HNO+ H= NO+ H2. Furthermore, both ammonia oxidation and NO formation are sensitive to small radical reactions and ammonia related reactions.

关键词： ammonia mixed with syngas     laminar flame speed     kinetic model     sensitivity analysis     pathway analysis    

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Deflection behavior of a prestressed concrete beam reinforced with carbon fibers at elevated temperatures

Mohammed FARUQI, Mohammed Sheroz KHAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 81-91 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0468-4

摘要： Fiber reinforced polymer(FRP) have unique advantages like high strength to weight ratio, excellent corrosion resistance, improving deformability and cost effectiveness. These advantages have gained wide acceptance in civil engineering applications. FRP tendons for prestressing applications are emerging as one of the most promising technologies in the civil engineering industry. However, the behavior of such members under the influence of elevated temperatures is still unknown. The knowledge and application of this could lead to a cost effective and practical considerations in fire safety design. Therefore, this study examines the deflection behavior of the carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP) prestressed concrete beam at elevated temperatures. In this article, an analytical model is developed which integrates the temperature dependent changes of effective modulus of FRP in predicting the deflection behavior of CFRP prestressed concrete beams within the range of practical temperatures. This model is compared with a finite element mode (FEM) of a simply supported concrete beam prestressed with CFRP subjected to practical elevated temperatures. In addition, comparison is also made with an indirect reference to the real behavior of the material. The results of the model correlated reasonably with the finite element model and the real behavior. Finally, a practical application is provided.

关键词： FRP     CFRP     concrete     elevated temperatures     deflections     prestress    

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Elevated temperature creep model of parallel wire strands

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》   页码 1060-1071 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0981-y

摘要： Parallel wire strands (PWSs), which are widely used in prestressed steel structures, are typically in high-stress states. Under fire conditions, significant creep effects occur, reducing the prestress and influencing the mechanical behavior of PWSs. As there is no existing approach to analyze their creep behavior, this study experimentally investigated the elevated temperature creep model of PWSs. A charge-coupled camera system was incorporated to accurately obtain the deformation of the specimen during the elevated temperature creep test. It was concluded that the temperature level had a more significant effect on the creep strain than the stress level, and 450 °C was the key segment point where the creep rate varied significantly. By comparing the elevated temperature creep test results for PWSs and steel strands, it was found that the creep strain of PWSs was lower than that of steel strands at the same temperature and stress levels. The parameters in the general empirical formula, the Bailey–Norton model, and the composite time-hardening model were fitted based on the experimental results. By evaluating the accuracy and form of the models, the composite time-hardening model, which can simultaneously consider temperature, stress, and time, is recommended for use in the fire-resistance design of pre-tensioned structures with PWSs.

关键词： parallel wire strands     experimental study     elevated temperature creep model    

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Influence of loading ratio on flat slab connections at elevated temperature: A numerical study

Rwayda Kh. S. AL-HAMD, Martin GILLIE, Safaa Adnan MOHAMAD, Lee S. CUNNINGHAM

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第3期   页码 664-674 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0620-9

摘要： For reinforced concrete members subjected to high temperature, the degree of in-service loading, commonly expressed as the loading ratio, can be highly influential on the structural behavior. In particular, the loading ratio may be pivotal in relation to the phenomenon of load-induced thermal strain. Despite its potentially pivotal role, to date, the influence of the loading ratio on both material and structural behavior has not been explored in detail. In practice, real structures experience variation in imposed loading during their service life and it is important to understand the likely response at elevated temperatures across the loading envelope. In this paper, the effect of the loading ratio is numerically investigated at both material and structural level using a validated finite element model. The model incorporates a proposed constitutive model accounting for load-induced thermal strain and this is shown to outperform the existing Eurocode 2 model in terms of accuracy. Using the validated model, the specific case of flats slabs and the associated connections to supporting columns at various loading ratios are explored. For the cases examined, a marked difference in the structural behavior including displacement direction was captured from low to high loading ratios consistent with experimental observations.

关键词： concrete     finite elements     fire     load-induced thermal strain     punching shear    

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Experimental study on behavior of mortar-aggregate interface after elevated temperatures

Wan WANG, Jianzhuang XIAO, Shiying XU, Chunhui WANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第2期   页码 158-168 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0374-6

摘要： A push-out test program was designed and conducted to study the meso-scale behavior of mortar-aggregate interface for concrete after elevated temperatures ranging from 20°C to 600°C with the concept of modeled concrete (MC) and modeled recycled aggregate concrete (MRAC). The MCs and MRACs were designed with different strength grade of mortar and were exposed to different elevated temperatures. Following that the specimens were cooled to room temperature and push-out tests were conducted. Failure process and mechanical behaviors were analyzed based on failure modes, residual load-displacement curves, residual peak loads and peak displacements. It is found that failure modes significantly depended on specimen type, the elevated temperature and the strength grade of mortar. For MC, major cracks started to propagate along the initial cracks caused by elevated temperatures at about 80% of residual peak load. For MRAC, the cracks appeared at a lower level of load with the increasing elevated temperatures. The cracks connected with each other, formed a failure face and the specimens were split into several parts suddenly when reaching the residual peak load. Residual load-displacement curves of different specimens had similarities in shape. Besides, effect of temperatures and strength grade of mortar on residual peak load and peak displacement were analyzed. For MC and MRAC with higher strength of new hardened mortar, the residual peak load kept constant when the temperature is lower than 400°C and dropped by 43.5% on average at 600°C. For MRAC with lower strength of new hardened mortar, the residual peak load began to reduce when the temperatures exceeded 200°C and reduced by 27.4% and 60.8% respectively at 400°C and 600°C. The properties of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) may be more sensitive to elevated temperatures than those of natural aggregate concrete (NAC) due to the fact that the interfacial properties of RAC are lower than those of NAC, and are deteriorated at lower temperatures.

关键词： mortar-aggregate interface     push-out test     elevated temperatures     modeled concrete (MC)     modeled recycled aggregate concrete (MRAC)    

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Performance of activated carbon coated graphite bipolar electrodes on capacitive deionization method for salinity

Hossein D. Atoufi, Hasti Hasheminejad, David J. Lampert

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1278-1

摘要： Abstract • Graphite bipolar electrodes act as an appropriate bed for the CDI process. • Activated carbon Coating improves the application of the electrodes. • CDI is an environmentally friendly method to apply for brackish water. • Initial concentration is the most important parameter in the CDI method. • CDI process in a batch-mode setup needs more development. This research investigates a capacitive deionization method for salinity reduction in a batch reactor as a new approach for desalination. Reductions of cost and energy compared with conventional desalination methods are the significant advantages of this approach. In this research, experiments were performed with a pair of graphite bipolar electrodes that were coated with a one-gram activated carbon solution. After completing preliminary tests, the impacts of four parameters on electrical conductivity reduction, including (1) the initial concentration of feed solution, (2) the duration of the tests, (3) the applied voltage, and (4) the pH of the solution, were examined. The results show that the maximum efficiency of electrical conductivity reduction in this laboratory-scale reactor is about 55%. Furthermore, the effects of the initial concentration of feed solution are more significant than the other parameters. Thus, using the capacitive deionization method for water desalination with low and moderate salt concentrations (i.e., brackish water) is proposed as an affordable method. Compared with conventional desalination methods, capacitive deionization is not only more efficient but also potentially more environmentally friendly.

关键词： Capacitive deionization (CDI)     Desalination     Electrical conductivity (EC)     Graphite bipolar electrode     Activated carbon coated (ACC)    

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heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacterium TJPU05 suitable for nitrogen removal from high-salinity

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1503-6

摘要：

• H. venusta TJPU05 showed excellent HN-AD ability at high salinity.

关键词： Salt-tolerant bacteria     H. venusta TJPU05     Heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification     High-salinity wastewater    

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Salinity exchange between seawater/brackish water and domestic wastewater through electrodialysis for

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1616-1

摘要：

● Present a general concept called “salinity exchange”.

关键词： Desalination     Potable water reuse     Ion-exchange membrane     Salinity gradient energy     Wastewater discharge    

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盐度差能：现状和新趋势

Olivier Schaetzle, Cees J. N. Buisman

《工程（英文）》 2015年 第1卷 第2期   页码 164-166 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015046

摘要：

在本文中，我们概述了盐度梯度技术的最新发展情况。在描述最先进盐度梯度技术的发展现状之前，我们首先介绍了盐度差能概念。本文以盐度梯度技术新兴领域中的新趋势作为结尾。

关键词： 盐度差能，压力延缓渗透，反向电渗析    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Responses of microbial interactions to elevated salinity in activated sludge microbial community

期刊论文

Multistage-batch bipolar membrane electrodialysis for base production from high-salinity wastewater

期刊论文

Dynamic analysis of rail transit elevated bridge with ladder track

He XIA, Yushu DENG, Yongwei ZOU, Guido DE ROECK, Geert DEGRANDE

期刊论文

Effect of seawater salinity on the synthesis of zeolite from coal fly ash

Yanqing YU, Xiaoliang LI, Xiaolan ZOU, Xiaobin ZHU

期刊论文

Effect of salinity on community structure and naphthalene dioxygenase gene diversity of a halophilic

Tingting Fang, Ruisong Pan, Jing Jiang, Fen He, Hui Wang

期刊论文

Running train induced vibrations and noises of elevated railway structures and their influences on environment

He XIA, Fei GAO, Xuan WU, Nan ZHANG, Guido DE ROECK, Geert DEGRANDE

期刊论文

Experimental and kinetic study on laminar flame speeds of ammonia/syngas/air at a high temperature and elevated

期刊论文

Deflection behavior of a prestressed concrete beam reinforced with carbon fibers at elevated temperatures

Mohammed FARUQI, Mohammed Sheroz KHAN

期刊论文

Elevated temperature creep model of parallel wire strands

期刊论文

Influence of loading ratio on flat slab connections at elevated temperature: A numerical study

Rwayda Kh. S. AL-HAMD, Martin GILLIE, Safaa Adnan MOHAMAD, Lee S. CUNNINGHAM

期刊论文

Experimental study on behavior of mortar-aggregate interface after elevated temperatures

Wan WANG, Jianzhuang XIAO, Shiying XU, Chunhui WANG

期刊论文

Performance of activated carbon coated graphite bipolar electrodes on capacitive deionization method for salinity

Hossein D. Atoufi, Hasti Hasheminejad, David J. Lampert

期刊论文

heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacterium TJPU05 suitable for nitrogen removal from high-salinity

期刊论文

Salinity exchange between seawater/brackish water and domestic wastewater through electrodialysis for

期刊论文

盐度差能：现状和新趋势

Olivier Schaetzle, Cees J. N. Buisman

期刊论文